{"id":1104,"date":"2022-04-03T13:58:45","date_gmt":"2022-04-03T13:58:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/workaddiction.org\/?page_id=1104"},"modified":"2023-01-05T06:41:32","modified_gmt":"2023-01-05T06:41:32","slug":"definitions-symptoms","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/cs\/definitions-symptoms\/","title":{"rendered":"Definice a p\u0159\u00edznaky"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1104\" class=\"elementor elementor-1104\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ffa189 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5ffa189\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4d6abe3\" data-id=\"4d6abe3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7630cac elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7630cac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.2 - 04-04-2022 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Definice a p\u0159\u00edznaky<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ee9af73 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ee9af73\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-be9811d\" data-id=\"be9811d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40109c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"40109c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.2 - 04-04-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#818a91;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#818a91;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u011bdci pracuj\u00ed na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed \u0161iroce uzn\u00e1van\u00e9 definice pracovn\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti jako z\u00e1vislosti na chov\u00e1n\u00ed. Takov\u00e1 definice popisuj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky pracovn\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed pro diagnostiku tohoto problematick\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><p>Dosud bylo v\u011bdecky prozkoum\u00e1no n\u011bkolik diagnostick\u00fdch symptom\u016f pracovn\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti definovan\u00fdch v klinick\u00e9m r\u00e1mci. V\u00fdsledky studi\u00ed podporuj\u00ed n\u00e1zor, \u017ee toto jsou platn\u00e1 krit\u00e9ria pro rozpozn\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti:\u00a0<\/p><ul><li>Neust\u00e1le p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00edte o sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci nebo neust\u00e1le svou pr\u00e1ci pl\u00e1nujete nebo p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00edte, jak m\u016f\u017eete uvolnit v\u00edce \u010dasu na pr\u00e1ci.<\/li><li>Tr\u00e1v\u00edte prac\u00ed mnohem v\u00edce \u010dasu, ne\u017e jste p\u016fvodn\u011b zam\u00fd\u0161leli, nebo se c\u00edt\u00edte nuceni d\u011blat v\u00edc a v\u00edc a pracovat v\u00edc a v\u00edc.<\/li><li>Pracujete, abyste sn\u00ed\u017eili pocity viny, \u00fazkosti, bezmoci a deprese, nebo se sna\u017e\u00edte zapomenout na sv\u00e9 osobn\u00ed probl\u00e9my.<\/li><li>Ostatn\u00ed v\u00e1m \u0159ekli, abyste omezili pr\u00e1ci, ani\u017e byste je poslouchali <span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;\">ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b<\/span> se sna\u017eil zkr\u00e1tit mno\u017estv\u00ed \u010dasu str\u00e1ven\u00e9ho prac\u00ed.<\/li><li>Pokud je v\u00e1m zak\u00e1z\u00e1no pracovat, dost\u00e1v\u00e1te se do stresu.<\/li><li>Up\u0159ednost\u0148ujete pr\u00e1ci p\u0159ed kon\u00ed\u010dky, volno\u010dasov\u00fdmi aktivitami a cvi\u010den\u00edm.<\/li><li><p>Pracujete tolik, \u017ee to negativn\u011b ovlivnilo va\u0161e zdrav\u00ed nebo v\u00e1\u0161 sp\u00e1nek.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, \u017ee by se nem\u011bly l\u00e9\u010dit izolovan\u011b, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee jeden p\u0159\u00edznak neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee jste z\u00e1visl\u00fd. Pokud v\u0161ak rozpozn\u00e1te, \u017ee se vyskytuje jen m\u00e1lo nebo v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edznaky, m\u016f\u017ee to znamenat, \u017ee v\u00e1m hroz\u00ed z\u00e1vislost na pr\u00e1ci nebo jste z\u00e1visl\u00ed na pr\u00e1ci.<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>DEFINICE<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>P\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e1 definice <a href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/1\/article-p7.xml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">byla navr\u017eena z\u00e1vislost na pr\u00e1ci jako z\u00e1vislost na chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/a> Tato definice bere v \u00favahu spole\u010dn\u00e9 prvky definic z\u00e1vislost\u00ed a je v souladu s v\u011bt\u0161inou navrhovan\u00fdch a dosud \u0161iroce uzn\u00e1van\u00fdch definic behavior\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti (Grant, Potenza, Weinstein a Gorelick, 2010; Griffiths, 1996, 2005; Holden, 2001 Karderfelt-Winther et al., 2017). Tyto spole\u010dn\u00e9 prvky jsou:<\/p><ul><li>zapojen\u00ed do chov\u00e1n\u00ed za \u00fa\u010delem dosa\u017een\u00ed apetitivn\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f (nap\u0159. sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed bolesti, zes\u00edlen\u00ed vlivu, manipulace se vzru\u0161en\u00edm a\/nebo fantazie),<\/li><li>\u00fapln\u00e9 zaujet\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00edm,<\/li><li>ztr\u00e1ta kontroly a<\/li><li>trp\u00ed negativn\u00edmi n\u00e1sledky.<\/li><\/ul><p>Tyto prvky jsou tak\u00e9 do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry v souladu s v\u011bt\u0161inou existuj\u00edc\u00edch definic pracovn\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti, kter\u00e9 zahrnuj\u00ed prvky zaujet\u00ed prac\u00ed\/nutk\u00e1n\u00ed nebo z\u00e1vislost na pr\u00e1ci a negativn\u00ed d\u016fsledky nadm\u011brn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce (Andreassen &amp; Pallesen, 2016; Fassel, 1992). ; Griffiths, 2011; Oates, 1971; Robinson, 2014, Schaufeli, Taris, &amp; Bakker, 2006; Spence &amp; Robbins, 1992; Taris, Schaufeli, &amp; Verhoeven, 2005; pro p\u0159ehled viz Andreassen, 2014 Karaffiths &amp;-Grinika Murray, 2012; Sussman, 2012).<\/p><p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Proto je pracovn\u00ed z\u00e1vislost definov\u00e1na takto:<\/strong><\/span><\/p><div id=\"S2a\" class=\"section\"><h3 id=\"d835108e719\">\u010c\u00e1st A (obecn\u00e1 definice)<\/h3><p><em>Pracovn\u00ed z\u00e1vislost se vyzna\u010duje: <\/em><\/p><ul><li><em>A <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>nucen\u00ed pracovat<\/strong><\/span> a zaujet\u00ed pracovn\u00ed \u010dinnost\u00ed<\/em><\/li><li><em> vedouc\u00ed k a <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>zna\u010dn\u00e1 \u00fajma a \u00fazkost funk\u010dn\u011b naru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed povahy<\/strong><\/span> k jednotlivci a\/nebo jin\u00fdm v\u00fdznamn\u011b relevantn\u00edm vztah\u016fm (p\u0159\u00e1tel\u016fm a rodin\u011b).<\/em><\/li><\/ul><p><em> Chov\u00e1n\u00ed je charakterizov\u00e1no: <\/em><\/p><ul><li><em>a <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>ztr\u00e1ta kontroly<\/strong><\/span> nad pracovn\u00ed \u010dinnost\u00ed a <\/em><\/li><li><em><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1<\/span><\/strong> po v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 \u010dasov\u00e9 obdob\u00ed. <\/em><\/li><\/ul><p><em>Toto problematick\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s prac\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>s r\u016fznou intenzitou od m\u00edrn\u00e9 po t\u011b\u017ekou<\/strong><\/span>.<\/em><\/p><\/div><div id=\"S2b\" class=\"section\"><h3 id=\"d835108e729\">\u010c\u00e1st B (dopl\u0148kov\u00e9 specifick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky)<\/h3><p><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Ztr\u00e1ta kontroly<\/strong><\/span> pracovn\u00ed \u010dinnost zahrnuje:<\/em><\/p><ul><li><em>pracovat v\u00edce, ne\u017e bylo pl\u00e1nov\u00e1no, navzdory negativn\u00edmu d\u016fsledku a\/nebo<\/em><\/li><li><em> ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 pokusy o sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed aktivity a\/nebo<\/em><\/li><li><em> postupn\u00e9 zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasu str\u00e1ven\u00e9ho prac\u00ed. <\/em><\/li><\/ul><p><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Abstinen\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky<\/strong><\/span> (v\u010detn\u011b podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bnosti, negativn\u00edch pocit\u016f, probl\u00e9m\u016f se sp\u00e1nkem atd.) jsou:<\/em><\/p><ul><li><em>\u010dast\u00e9, pokud je br\u00e1n\u011bno pl\u00e1novan\u00e9mu\/po\u017eadovan\u00e9mu mno\u017estv\u00ed pr\u00e1ce pop\u0159 <\/em><\/li><li><em>se objev\u00ed, kdy\u017e se podniknou pokusy o sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed pr\u00e1ce. <\/em><\/li><\/ul><p><em>Pracovn\u00ed aktivita \u010dasto slou\u017e\u00ed ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed negativn\u00edch pocit\u016f a\/nebo k zamezen\u00ed interperson\u00e1ln\u00edch a\/nebo intraperson\u00e1ln\u00edch konflikt\u016f.<\/em><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>DIAGNOSTICK\u00c9 \u00daVAHY<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>Pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed problematiky r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00ed probl\u00e9mov\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 analogicky k aktu\u00e1ln\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm diagnostick\u00fdm krit\u00e9ri\u00edm poruchy z u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed alkoholu pou\u017e\u00edt podt\u0159\u00eddy m\u00edrn\u00e9, st\u0159edn\u00ed a t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti (<a id=\"ref_B1\" href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/1\/article-p7.xml#B1\">Americk\u00e1 psychiatrick\u00e1 asociace [APA], 2013<\/a>). Je t\u0159eba vz\u00edt v \u00favahu v\u00fdhody a nev\u00fdhody tohoto p\u0159\u00edstupu (<a id=\"ref_B14\" href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/1\/article-p7.xml#B14\">Babor &amp; Caetano, 2008<\/a>;\u00a0<a id=\"ref_B34\" href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/1\/article-p7.xml#B34\">Hasin, 2012<\/a>;\u00a0<a id=\"ref_B55\" href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/1\/article-p7.xml#B55\">O&#039;Brien, 2011<\/a>;\u00a0<a id=\"ref_B87\" href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/1\/article-p7.xml#B87\">Wakefield, 2015<\/a>).<\/p><p>Pokud jde o ztr\u00e1tu kontroly, kter\u00e1 je z\u00e1kladem v\u0161ech z\u00e1vislost\u00ed, je t\u0159eba v\u011bnovat zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost tomu, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 rozli\u0161it mezi pot\u0159ebou kontroly vykon\u00e1van\u00e9 ve vztahu k samotn\u00e9mu v\u00fdkonu pr\u00e1ce, kter\u00e1 je charakteristick\u00e1 pro mnoho z\u00e1visl\u00fdch na pr\u00e1ci, a ztr\u00e1tou kontrolu nad m\u00edrou zapojen\u00ed do pr\u00e1ce a v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eenou schopnost kontrolovat dal\u0161\u00ed aspekty jejich ka\u017edodenn\u00edho \u017eivota (viz\u00a0<a id=\"ref_B30\" href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/1\/article-p7.xml#B30\">Griffiths, 2013<\/a>). V jist\u00e9m smyslu je to nefunk\u010dn\u00ed kompromis mezi rostouc\u00ed kontrolou nad prac\u00ed a jej\u00ed ztr\u00e1tou nad ka\u017ed\u00fdm dal\u0161\u00edm aspektem \u017eivota. Je to do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry podobn\u00e9 tomu, kter\u00e9 bylo pozorov\u00e1no nap\u0159\u00edklad u ment\u00e1ln\u00ed anorexie, kdy \u010dlov\u011bk vynakl\u00e1d\u00e1 velk\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed na kontrolu p\u0159\u00edjmu potravy a z\u00e1rove\u0148 trp\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdmi zdravotn\u00edmi n\u00e1sledky a m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt probl\u00e9my v mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch oblastech. \u017eivot.<\/p><p>Tato ztr\u00e1ta kontroly nad pracovn\u00ed \u010dinnost\u00ed se m\u016f\u017ee odrazit v ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch pokusech o sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed. Je v\u0161ak t\u0159eba vz\u00edt v \u00favahu, \u017ee z\u00e1vislost je siln\u011b spojena s pop\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm a v\u011bt\u0161ina t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed pomoc, si tuto skute\u010dnost nikdy neuv\u011bdom\u00ed nebo se nesna\u017e\u00ed sv\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed omezit (<a id=\"ref_B25\" href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/1\/article-p7.xml#B25\">Goldstein a kol., 2009<\/a>).<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Definice a symptomy V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u011bdci pracuj\u00ed na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed \u0161iroce uzn\u00e1van\u00e9 definice pracovn\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti jako z\u00e1vislosti na chov\u00e1n\u00ed. Takov\u00e1 definice popisuj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky pracovn\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed pro diagnostiku tohoto problematick\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed. Dosud bylo v\u011bdecky prozkoum\u00e1no n\u011bkolik diagnostick\u00fdch symptom\u016f pracovn\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti definovan\u00fdch v klinick\u00e9m r\u00e1mci. \u2026<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/cs\/definitions-symptoms\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Definice a p\u0159\u00edznaky<\/span> Pokra\u010dovat ve \u010dten\u00ed \u00bb<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1104"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1104"}],"version-history":[{"count":98,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1104\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4847,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1104\/revisions\/4847"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1104"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}