{"id":1104,"date":"2022-04-03T13:58:45","date_gmt":"2022-04-03T13:58:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/workaddiction.org\/?page_id=1104"},"modified":"2023-01-05T06:41:32","modified_gmt":"2023-01-05T06:41:32","slug":"definitions-symptoms","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/et\/definitions-symptoms\/","title":{"rendered":"Definitsioonid ja s\u00fcmptomid"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1104\" class=\"elementor elementor-1104\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ffa189 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5ffa189\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4d6abe3\" data-id=\"4d6abe3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7630cac elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7630cac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.2 - 04-04-2022 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">M\u00e4\u00e4ratlus ja s\u00fcmptomid<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ee9af73 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ee9af73\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-be9811d\" data-id=\"be9811d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40109c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"40109c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.2 - 04-04-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#818a91;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#818a91;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Praegu t\u00f6\u00f6tavad teadlased t\u00f6\u00f6s\u00f5ltuvuse kui k\u00e4itumusliku s\u00f5ltuvuse laialdaselt tunnustatud definitsiooni v\u00e4ljat\u00f6\u00f6tamisega. Selline m\u00e4\u00e4ratlus, mis kirjeldab t\u00f6\u00f6s\u00f5ltuvuse olulisi s\u00fcmptomeid, v\u00f5ib olla kasulik selle probleemse k\u00e4itumise diagnoosimise ametlike kriteeriumide v\u00e4ljat\u00f6\u00f6tamisel.<\/p><p>Seni on teaduslikult uuritud mitmeid kliinilises raamistikus m\u00e4\u00e4ratletud t\u00f6\u00f6s\u00f5ltuvuse diagnostilisi s\u00fcmptomeid. Uuringute tulemused kinnitavad arvamust, et need on kehtivad kriteeriumid t\u00f6\u00f6s\u00f5ltuvuse \u00e4ratundmiseks:\u00a0<\/p><ul><li>M\u00f5tled pidevalt oma t\u00f6\u00f6le v\u00f5i planeerid oma t\u00f6\u00f6d kogu aeg v\u00f5i m\u00f5tled, kuidas saaksid t\u00f6\u00f6tamiseks rohkem aega vabastada.<\/li><li>Veedate t\u00f6\u00f6le palju rohkem aega, kui algselt ette n\u00e4htud v\u00f5i tunnete, et olete sunnitud tegema rohkem ja rohkem ja t\u00f6\u00f6tama \u00fcha rohkem.<\/li><li>Te t\u00f6\u00f6tate selle nimel, et v\u00e4hendada s\u00fc\u00fctunnet, \u00e4revust, abitust ja depressiooni, v\u00f5i t\u00f6\u00f6tate selle nimel, et unustada oma isiklikud probleemid.<\/li><li>Teised on teile \u00f6elnud, et v\u00e4hendage t\u00f6\u00f6d ilma neid v\u00f5i teid kuulamata <span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;\">edutult<\/span> p\u00fc\u00fcdis v\u00e4hendada t\u00f6\u00f6le kuluvat aega.<\/li><li>Sa muutud stressiks, kui sul on keelatud t\u00f6\u00f6tada.<\/li><li>Eelistate t\u00f6\u00f6d hobidele, vaba aja tegevustele ja liikumisele.<\/li><li><p>T\u00f6\u00f6tate nii palju, et see on teie tervist v\u00f5i und negatiivselt m\u00f5jutanud.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Oluline on see, et neid ei tohiks ravida isoleeritult, mis t\u00e4hendab, et \u00fcks s\u00fcmptom ei t\u00e4henda, et olete s\u00f5ltuvuses. Kui aga m\u00e4rkate, et s\u00fcmptomid ilmnevad v\u00e4he v\u00f5i k\u00f5ik, v\u00f5ib see t\u00e4hendada, et teil on oht t\u00f6\u00f6s\u00f5ltuvusele v\u00f5i olete t\u00f6\u00f6st s\u00f5ltuvuses.<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>M\u00c4\u00c4RATLUS<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>Esialgne m\u00e4\u00e4ratlus <a href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/1\/article-p7.xml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pakuti v\u00e4lja t\u00f6\u00f6s\u00f5ltuvust kui k\u00e4itumuslikku s\u00f5ltuvust.<\/a> See m\u00e4\u00e4ratlus v\u00f5tab arvesse s\u00f5ltuvuste definitsioonide tavalisi elemente ja on koosk\u00f5las enamiku seni soovitatud ja laialdaselt tunnustatud k\u00e4itumusliku s\u00f5ltuvuse m\u00e4\u00e4ratlustega (Grant, Potenza, Weinstein ja Gorelick, 2010; Griffiths, 1996, 2005; Holden, 2001 Karderfelt-Winther et al., 2017). Need \u00fchised elemendid on:<\/p><ul><li>osalemine k\u00e4itumises, et saavutada isu\u00e4ratav m\u00f5ju (nt valu v\u00e4hendamine, afekti tugevdamine, erutus manipuleerimine ja\/v\u00f5i fantaasia),<\/li><li>t\u00e4ielik h\u00f5ivatus k\u00e4itumisega,<\/li><li>kontrolli kaotamine ja<\/li><li>kannatavad negatiivsete tagaj\u00e4rgede all.<\/li><\/ul><p>Need elemendid on suures osas koosk\u00f5las ka enamiku olemasolevate t\u00f6\u00f6s\u00f5ltuvuse definitsioonidega, mis h\u00f5lmavad t\u00f6\u00f6ga h\u00f5ivatuse\/sunni v\u00f5i t\u00f6\u00f6s\u00f5ltuvuse elemente ning liigse t\u00f6\u00f6tamise negatiivseid tagaj\u00e4rgi (Andreassen &amp; Pallesen, 2016; Fassel, 1992). Griffiths, 2011; Oates, 1971; Robinson, 2014, Schaufeli, Taris ja Bakker, 2006; Spence &amp; Robbins, 1992; Taris, Schaufeli ja Verhoeven, 2005; \u00fclevaate saamiseks vt Andreassen, Griffinikaths 20-4a; Murray, 2012; Sussman, 2012).<\/p><p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Seet\u00f5ttu m\u00e4\u00e4ratletakse t\u00f6\u00f6s\u00f5ltuvus j\u00e4rgmiselt:<\/strong><\/span><\/p><div id=\"S2a\" class=\"section\"><h3 id=\"d835108e719\">A osa (\u00fcldm\u00e4\u00e4ratlus)<\/h3><p><em>T\u00f6\u00f6s\u00f5ltuvust iseloomustavad: <\/em><\/p><ul><li><em>a <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>sund t\u00f6\u00f6tada<\/strong><\/span> ja t\u00f6\u00f6tegevusega tegelemine<\/em><\/li><li><em> mis viib a <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>funktsionaalselt kahjustava iseloomuga m\u00e4rkimisv\u00e4\u00e4rne kahju ja stress<\/strong><\/span> \u00fcksikisiku ja\/v\u00f5i muude oluliste suhetega (s\u00f5brad ja perekond).<\/em><\/li><\/ul><p><em> K\u00e4itumist iseloomustavad: <\/em><\/p><ul><li><em>a <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>kontrolli kaotamine<\/strong><\/span> \u00fcle t\u00f6\u00f6alase tegevuse ja <\/em><\/li><li><em><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">p\u00fcsib<\/span><\/strong> m\u00e4rkimisv\u00e4\u00e4rse aja jooksul. <\/em><\/li><\/ul><p><em>See probleemne t\u00f6\u00f6ga seotud k\u00e4itumine v\u00f5ib olla <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>erineva intensiivsusega kergest kuni raskeni<\/strong><\/span>.<\/em><\/p><\/div><div id=\"S2b\" class=\"section\"><h3 id=\"d835108e729\">B osa (t\u00e4iendavad spetsiifilised s\u00fcmptomid)<\/h3><p><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Kontrolli kaotamine<\/strong><\/span> t\u00f6\u00f6\u00fclesanne h\u00f5lmab j\u00e4rgmist:<\/em><\/p><ul><li><em>t\u00f6\u00f6tades kavandatust rohkem, hoolimata negatiivsest tagaj\u00e4rjest ja\/v\u00f5i<\/em><\/li><li><em> eba\u00f5nnestunud katsed aktiivsust v\u00e4hendada ja\/v\u00f5i<\/em><\/li><li><em> t\u00f6\u00f6tamiseks kuluva aja j\u00e4rkj\u00e4rguline suurenemine. <\/em><\/li><\/ul><p><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>V\u00f5\u00f5rutusn\u00e4hud<\/strong><\/span> (sh \u00e4rrituvus, negatiivsed tunded, uneh\u00e4ired jne) on:<\/em><\/p><ul><li><em>sagedane, kui planeeritud\/soovitav t\u00f6\u00f6maht on takistatud v\u00f5i <\/em><\/li><li><em>ilmnevad siis, kui tehakse katseid t\u00f6\u00f6mahtu v\u00e4hendada. <\/em><\/li><\/ul><p><em>T\u00f6\u00f6tegevus aitab sageli v\u00e4hendada negatiivseid tundeid ja\/v\u00f5i v\u00e4ltida inimestevahelisi ja\/v\u00f5i intrapersonaalseid konflikte.<\/em><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>DIAGNOSTILISED KAALUTUSED<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>Probleemse k\u00e4itumise erinevate tasemete probleemi lahendamiseks v\u00f5iks analoogselt praegu kasutatavate alkoholitarvitamise h\u00e4ire diagnostiliste kriteeriumidega kasutada kerge, keskmise ja raske t\u00f6\u00f6s\u00f5ltuvuse alaklasse.<a id=\"ref_B1\" href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/1\/article-p7.xml#B1\">Ameerika Ps\u00fchhiaatrite Assotsiatsioon [APA], 2013<\/a>). Arvesse tuleks v\u00f5tta selle l\u00e4henemisviisi eeliseid ja puudusi (<a id=\"ref_B14\" href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/1\/article-p7.xml#B14\">Babor ja Caetano, 2008<\/a>;\u00a0<a id=\"ref_B34\" href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/1\/article-p7.xml#B34\">Hasin, 2012<\/a>;\u00a0<a id=\"ref_B55\" href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/1\/article-p7.xml#B55\">O&#039;Brien, 2011<\/a>;\u00a0<a id=\"ref_B87\" href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/1\/article-p7.xml#B87\">Wakefield, 2015<\/a>).<\/p><p>Kui r\u00e4\u00e4kida kontrolli kaotamisest, mis on k\u00f5igi s\u00f5ltuvuste puhul p\u00f5hiline, tuleb erilist t\u00e4helepanu p\u00f6\u00f6rata sellele, et teha vahet paljudele t\u00f6\u00f6s\u00f5ltlastele omasel kontrollivajadusel t\u00f6\u00f6 tegemisel endal ja t\u00f6\u00f6v\u00f5ime kaotamisel. kontroll t\u00f6\u00f6ga seotuse \u00fcle ja oluliselt v\u00e4henenud v\u00f5ime kontrollida oma igap\u00e4evase elu muid aspekte (vt.\u00a0<a id=\"ref_B30\" href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/1\/article-p7.xml#B30\">Griffiths, 2013<\/a>). M\u00f5nes m\u00f5ttes on see ebaefektiivne kompromiss t\u00f6\u00f6 \u00fcle kontrolli suurendamise ja selle kaotamise vahel k\u00f5igi muude eluvaldkondade \u00fcle. See on teatud m\u00e4\u00e4ral sarnane sellega, mida t\u00e4heldati n\u00e4iteks anorexia nervosa puhul, mille puhul inimene pingutab palju toidutarbimise kontrolli all hoidmiseks ning kannatab samal ajal oluliste tervisekahjustuste all ning v\u00f5ib esineda probleeme paljudes teistes sf\u00e4\u00e4rides. elu.<\/p><p>See kontrolli kaotamine t\u00f6\u00f6tegevuse \u00fcle v\u00f5ib peegelduda eba\u00f5nnestunud katsetes k\u00e4itumist v\u00e4hendada. Siiski tuleb arvestada, et s\u00f5ltuvus on tugevalt seotud eitamisega ja enamik abivajajaid ei tunnista seda fakti kunagi v\u00f5i ei p\u00fc\u00fca oma k\u00e4itumist v\u00e4hendada (<a id=\"ref_B25\" href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/8\/1\/article-p7.xml#B25\">Goldstein jt, 2009<\/a>).<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u00e4\u00e4ratlus ja s\u00fcmptomid Praegu t\u00f6\u00f6tavad teadlased t\u00f6\u00f6s\u00f5ltuvuse kui k\u00e4itumusliku s\u00f5ltuvuse laialdaselt tunnustatud definitsiooni v\u00e4ljat\u00f6\u00f6tamisega. Selline m\u00e4\u00e4ratlus, mis kirjeldab t\u00f6\u00f6s\u00f5ltuvuse olulisi s\u00fcmptomeid, v\u00f5ib olla kasulik selle probleemse k\u00e4itumise diagnoosimise ametlike kriteeriumide v\u00e4ljat\u00f6\u00f6tamisel. Seni on teaduslikult uuritud mitmeid kliinilises raamistikus m\u00e4\u00e4ratletud t\u00f6\u00f6s\u00f5ltuvuse diagnostilisi s\u00fcmptomeid. \u2026<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/et\/definitions-symptoms\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Definitsioonid ja s\u00fcmptomid<\/span> Loe rohkem &quot;<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1104"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1104"}],"version-history":[{"count":98,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1104\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4847,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1104\/revisions\/4847"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1104"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}