{"id":1360,"date":"2022-04-20T09:44:49","date_gmt":"2022-04-20T09:44:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/workaddiction.org\/?page_id=1360"},"modified":"2023-01-19T07:16:16","modified_gmt":"2023-01-19T07:16:16","slug":"history","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/fr\/history\/","title":{"rendered":"Histoire"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1360\" class=\"elementor elementor-1360\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9b78341 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9b78341\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2aca42a\" data-id=\"2aca42a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d5545f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4d5545f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.2 - 04-04-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#818a91;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#818a91;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f0797d8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f0797d8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d9d3ae7\" data-id=\"d9d3ae7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90bfad7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"90bfad7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.2 - 04-04-2022 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Histoire<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6b780fd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6b780fd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6ce2116\" data-id=\"6ce2116\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6746f6c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6746f6c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">La d\u00e9pendance au travail fait partie des d\u00e9pendances comportementales avec une histoire de recherche et d&#039;enqu\u00eate th\u00e9orique relativement longue.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> Le surmenage compulsif est susceptible d&#039;\u00eatre pr\u00e9sent dans les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s humaines depuis l&#039;Antiquit\u00e9 ; cependant, \u00e0 notre connaissance, aucune \u00e9tude syst\u00e9matique sur cette question n&#039;est disponible. La pr\u00e9occupation excessive pour le travail et la productivit\u00e9, souvent li\u00e9e \u00e0 la cupidit\u00e9, aux soucis excessifs et \u00e0 l&#039;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9, peut sans doute \u00eatre&nbsp;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-031-04772-5_9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">remonte au moins au 5\/6\u00e8me si\u00e8cle avant JC<\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\">.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>CHRONOLOGIE D&#039;INT\u00c9R\u00caT CLINIQUE ET SCIENTIFIQUE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>1903<\/strong> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Pierre Janet a d\u00e9crit la \u00ab\u00a0psychasth\u00e9nie\u00a0\u00bb li\u00e9e \u00e0 des pr\u00e9occupations perfectionnistes (et ressemblant \u00e0 ce que l&#039;on appellera plus tard le trouble de la personnalit\u00e9 obsessionnelle compulsive\u00a0; OCPD), adopt\u00e9e plus tard par Sigmund Freud. Les psychasth\u00e9niques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 identifi\u00e9s comme ayant des probl\u00e8mes physiques tels que des maux de t\u00eate, des maux de dos ou des insomnies. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>1919<\/strong> Sandor <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ferenci a d\u00e9crit le soi-disant \u00ab<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.textlog.de\/8527.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">N\u00e9vrose du dimanche<\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u201c. Sympt\u00f4mes<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 16px;\">semblables \u00e0 ceux \u00e9prouv\u00e9s par les psychasth\u00e9niques et d&#039;autres sympt\u00f4mes physiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9s parmi <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">certaines personnes les jours o\u00f9 elles essayaient de se reposer du travail. C&#039;est peut-\u00eatre la premi\u00e8re indication&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;\">des sympt\u00f4mes de sevrage li\u00e9s \u00e0 la d\u00e9pendance au travail <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 16px;\">dans la litt\u00e9rature clinique.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>1952<\/strong> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Le DSM-I (APA 1952, p. 37) incluait une personnalit\u00e9 compulsive avec des caract\u00e9ristiques telles qu&#039;une &quot;capacit\u00e9 de travail d\u00e9mesur\u00e9e&quot; et un &quot;manque [de] capacit\u00e9 normale de relaxation&quot;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>1968\/1971<\/strong> La notion de workaholism\/work addiction a \u00e9t\u00e9 introduite dans la litt\u00e9rature psychologique par&nbsp;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/1999\/10\/26\/us\/wayne-e-oates-82-is-dead-coined-the-term-workaholic.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wayne Oates<\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>ann\u00e9es 1970<\/strong> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"> &nbsp;D\u00e8s les ann\u00e9es 1970, les tendances au bourreau de travail ont \u00e9t\u00e9 reconnues dans&nbsp;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jama\/article-abstract\/349598\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">litt\u00e9rature m\u00e9dicale de haut niveau<\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>2013<\/strong> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Le d\u00e9vouement excessif au travail \u00e9tait l&#039;un des rares crit\u00e8res de l&#039;OCPD qui ont persist\u00e9 du DSM-III au DSM 5 (APA 2013), et est souvent qualifi\u00e9 de \u00ab workaholism \u00bb dans la litt\u00e9rature de l&#039;OCPD (Grilo et al. 2004).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Histoire La d\u00e9pendance au travail fait partie des d\u00e9pendances comportementales avec une histoire de recherche et d&#039;enqu\u00eate th\u00e9orique relativement longue. Le surmenage compulsif est probablement pr\u00e9sent dans les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s humaines depuis l\u2019Antiquit\u00e9 ; cependant, \u00e0 notre connaissance, aucune \u00e9tude syst\u00e9matique sur cette question n\u2019est disponible. La pr\u00e9occupation excessive pour le travail et la productivit\u00e9, souvent li\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019avidit\u00e9, \u00e0 une inqui\u00e9tude excessive et\u2026<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/fr\/history\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Histoire<\/span> Lire la suite \u00bb<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1360"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1360"}],"version-history":[{"count":86,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1360\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5111,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1360\/revisions\/5111"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1360"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}