{"id":1108,"date":"2022-04-03T14:00:31","date_gmt":"2022-04-03T14:00:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/workaddiction.org\/?page_id=1108"},"modified":"2023-01-05T06:45:33","modified_gmt":"2023-01-05T06:45:33","slug":"risk-factors","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/risk-factors\/","title":{"rendered":"Factori de risc"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1108\" class=\"elementor elementor-1108\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3fd4931 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3fd4931\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bc13951\" data-id=\"bc13951\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a10d5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1a10d5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.2 - 04-04-2022 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Factori de risc<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24b8067 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"24b8067\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.2 - 04-04-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#818a91;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#818a91;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Exist\u0103 c\u00e2\u021biva factori care sunt bine cerceta\u021bi \u0219i arat\u0103 asocieri consistente cu dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103. Acestea includ:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>posturi de conducere,<\/li>\n<li>exigen\u021be mari de munc\u0103,<\/li>\n<li>stres ridicat la locul de munc\u0103 \u0219i stres general,<\/li>\n<li>tr\u0103s\u0103turi de personalitate, cum ar fi perfec\u021bionismul, nevroticismul, stima de sine global\u0103 sc\u0103zut\u0103 \u0219i modelul de personalitate de tip A asociat cu competitivitatea \u0219i graba,<\/li>\n<li>p\u0103rin\u0163ii care erau dependen\u0163i de munc\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Majoritatea acestora (\u00een special dependen\u021ba de personalitate \u0219i de munc\u0103 a p\u0103rin\u021bilor) pot fi considerate \u00een mod sigur a fi factori de risc, deoarece preced dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103. De asemenea, este bine stabilit c\u0103, \u00een general, stresul cre\u0219te riscul apari\u021biei tuturor dependen\u021belor, le face mai severe \u0219i provoac\u0103 rec\u0103deri (revenirea la dependen\u021b\u0103 dup\u0103 ce \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 renun\u021be) atunci c\u00e2nd oamenii \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 fac\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 comportamentelor care creeaz\u0103 dependen\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Cu toate acestea, \u00een unele cazuri, cum ar fi \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te func\u021biile manageriale, cerin\u021bele postului sau stresul, rela\u021bia cauzal\u0103 exact\u0103 poate fi nesigur\u0103 sau bidirec\u021bional\u0103. \u00censeamn\u0103 c\u0103 a fi manager \u0219i a experimenta cerin\u021be ridicate la locul de munc\u0103 \u0219i stres poate declan\u0219a dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103, dar \u0219i comportamentele legate de dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 (munca din greu \u0219i ore lungi) pot cre\u0219te \u0219ansele de a ob\u021bine o func\u021bie de conducere \u0219i pot cre\u0219te cerin\u021bele \u0219i stresul la locul de munc\u0103.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2\u021biva al\u021bi factori importan\u021bi arat\u0103 o rela\u021bie inconsecvent\u0103 sau complex\u0103 cu dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103. Acestea includ:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>v\u00e2rst\u0103,<\/li>\n<li>gen,<\/li>\n<li>educa\u0163ie,<\/li>\n<li>mediul socioeconomic,<\/li>\n<li>alte tr\u0103s\u0103turi de personalitate, cum ar fi narcisismul sau con\u0219tiinciozitatea.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Acestea necesit\u0103 mai multe studii pentru a stabili rolul lor \u00een dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4f31dd1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4f31dd1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c54a9c\" data-id=\"1c54a9c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a26409e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a26409e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>FACTORI DEMOGRAFICI \u0218I LEGATI DE MUNC\u0102<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>V\u00e2rsta, sexul, educa\u021bia \u0219i mediul socioeconomic<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, trebuie subliniat c\u0103 este mare&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kbpn.gov.pl\/portal?id=15&amp;res_id=9249205\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">studii epidemiologice reprezentative la nivel na\u021bional<\/a> arat\u0103 c\u0103 simptomele dependen\u021bei de munc\u0103 sunt prezente la un anumit procent de oameni de toate v\u00e2rstele (de la adolescen\u021bi p\u00e2n\u0103 la pensionari de peste 65 de ani), sex, tipuri de educa\u021bie \u0219i medii socioeconomice. Munca poate fi definit\u0103 ca orice activitate care implic\u0103 un efort mental sau fizic efectuat \u00een scopul atingerii unui scop sau rezultat. \u00censeamn\u0103 c\u0103 activit\u0103\u021bi precum \u00eenv\u0103\u021barea\/studiul sau treburile casnice pot fi \u00een\u021belese ca legate de munc\u0103. \u00cen consecin\u021b\u0103,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/referenceworkentry\/10.1007\/978-3-030-67928-6_183-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">studiaz\u0103 dependen\u021ba<\/a>&nbsp;definit\u0103 ca form\u0103 timpurie a dependen\u021bei de munc\u0103 este&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/18\/16\/8590\/htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">printre cele mai r\u0103sp\u00e2ndite comportamente de dependen\u021b\u0103<\/a>&nbsp;\u00een r\u00e2ndul adolescen\u021bilor (liceeni) \u0219i tinerilor adul\u021bi (studenti de licen\u021b\u0103 \u0219i absolven\u021bi). De asemenea, simptomele dependen\u021bei de munc\u0103 sunt relativ predominante printre&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/ctivity involving mental or physical effort done in order to achieve a purpose or result.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0219omeri, muncitori la domiciliu, pensionari \u0219i pensionari<\/a>. Sunt necesare mai multe cercet\u0103ri pentru a \u00een\u021belege mai bine aceste diferite forme de comportamente dependente legate de munc\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Unele studii epidemiologice la scar\u0103 larg\u0103 sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 tinde s\u0103 fie mai pu\u021bin frecvent\u0103 \u00een r\u00e2ndul grupelor de v\u00e2rst\u0103 mai \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103 \u0219i ceva mai frecvent\u0103 \u00een r\u00e2ndul femeilor.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Malissa-Clark\/publication\/263190310_All_Work_and_No_Play_A_Meta-Analytic_Examination_of_the_Correlates_and_Outcomes_of_Workaholism\/links\/53e6128b0cf2fb7487184fa5\/All-Work-and-No-Play-A-Meta-Analytic-Examination-of-the-Correlates-and-Outcomes-of-Workaholism.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alte studii<\/a> nu gasesti asemenea diferente. P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prezent, diferitele riscuri de dependen\u021b\u0103 de munc\u0103 legate de v\u00e2rst\u0103, sex, educa\u021bie \u0219i mediul socioeconomic necesit\u0103 mai multe cercet\u0103ri pentru a stabili exact ce factori cresc riscul sau \u00een ce circumstan\u021be pot cre\u0219te acest risc. Este probabil ca, \u00een diferite \u021b\u0103ri, ace\u0219ti factori s\u0103 aib\u0103 o semnifica\u021bie diferit\u0103 din cauza diferitelor reglement\u0103ri de munc\u0103, disponibilit\u0103\u021bi de locuri de munc\u0103, politici sociale etc. Acestea pot, de exemplu, s\u0103 reduc\u0103 inegalit\u0103\u021bile de gen \u0219i v\u00e2rst\u0103 la locul de munc\u0103 \u0219i, la r\u00e2ndul lor, s\u0103 afecteze riscul de dependen\u021b\u0103 de munc\u0103. .&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Postul de conducere<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 este mai mult<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Malissa-Clark\/publication\/263190310_All_Work_and_No_Play_A_Meta-Analytic_Examination_of_the_Correlates_and_Outcomes_of_Workaholism\/links\/53e6128b0cf2fb7487184fa5\/All-Work-and-No-Play-A-Meta-Analytic-Examination-of-the-Correlates-and-Outcomes-of-Workaholism.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> predominant printre manageri,<\/a> inclusiv managementul de nivel sc\u0103zut, mediu \u0219i superior. P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prezent, nu este clar dac\u0103 a fi dependent de munc\u0103 cre\u0219te \u0219ansele de a lucra \u00een func\u021bii de conducere sau mai degrab\u0103 responsabilit\u0103\u021bi mai \u00eenalte \u0219i al\u021bi factori asocia\u021bi cu func\u021biile manageriale cresc riscul de dependen\u021b\u0103 de munc\u0103. Este posibil ca ambele situa\u021bii s\u0103 se \u00eent\u00e2mple \u00eentr-o oarecare m\u0103sur\u0103.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Cerin\u021be mari de munc\u0103<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a style=\"font-size: 1rem;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Malissa-Clark\/publication\/263190310_All_Work_and_No_Play_A_Meta-Analytic_Examination_of_the_Correlates_and_Outcomes_of_Workaholism\/links\/53e6128b0cf2fb7487184fa5\/All-Work-and-No-Play-A-Meta-Analytic-Examination-of-the-Correlates-and-Outcomes-of-Workaholism.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cerin\u021be mari de munc\u0103<\/a> precum supra\u00eenc\u0103rcarea rolului de munc\u0103 sau conflictul de rol de munc\u0103 sunt asociate \u00een mod constant cu dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103. Stresul ridicat este asociat cu cerin\u021be mai mari ale locului de munc\u0103. Se \u0219tie c\u0103 stresul declan\u0219eaz\u0103, men\u021bine \u0219i provoac\u0103 recidive \u00een comportamentele care creeaz\u0103 dependen\u021b\u0103. Clic <a href=\"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/your-feedback-from-study\/#job-demands\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Aici<\/a>&nbsp;pentru mai multe informatii.<\/p>\n<p>A&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0149206316658348\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">studiu prospectiv&nbsp;<\/a>au ar\u0103tat c\u0103 cerin\u021bele de munc\u0103 prev\u0103d o dependen\u021b\u0103 mai mare de munc\u0103 un an mai t\u00e2rziu, ceea ce sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 cerin\u021bele ridicate ale locului de munc\u0103 pot provoca o dependen\u021b\u0103 mai mare de munc\u0103. Din ce \u00een ce mai multe studii sunt<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/10803548.2020.1822054\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> mecanisme de investigare<\/a>&nbsp;prin care cererile \u0219i resursele la locul de munc\u0103 pot afecta dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 \u0219i&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/psycnet.apa.org\/record\/2020-50294-004\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">modul \u00een care dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 poate afecta percep\u021bia cerin\u021belor locului de munc\u0103 \u0219i poate influen\u021ba comportamentele organiza\u021bionale<\/a>, precum \u0219i&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/psycnet.apa.org\/buy\/2016-56595-001\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">func\u021bionarea \u00een afara muncii<\/a>. Sunt analiza\u021bi diferi\u021bi factori care influen\u021beaz\u0103 aceste rela\u021bii. De exemplu,&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/SOP predicted an increase in workaholism over time in workers facing high workload\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">perfec\u021bionismul prezice o cre\u0219tere a dependen\u021bei de munc\u0103 \u00een timp la lucr\u0103torii care se confrunt\u0103 cu un volum mare de munc\u0103<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen ansamblu, studiile disponibile arat\u0103 c\u0103 cerin\u021bele ridicate ale locului de munc\u0103 sunt asociate cu dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103, cu toate acestea, sunt necesare mai multe studii pentru a concluziona \u00een ce m\u0103sur\u0103 \u0219i \u00een ce circumstan\u021be solicit\u0103rile ridicate de munc\u0103 cresc riscul de dependen\u021b\u0103 de munc\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Pl\u0103cere de lucru ridicat\u0103<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a style=\"font-size: 1rem;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Malissa-Clark\/publication\/263190310_All_Work_and_No_Play_A_Meta-Analytic_Examination_of_the_Correlates_and_Outcomes_of_Workaholism\/links\/53e6128b0cf2fb7487184fa5\/All-Work-and-No-Play-A-Meta-Analytic-Examination-of-the-Correlates-and-Outcomes-of-Workaholism.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pl\u0103cere de lucru ridicat\u0103<\/a> poate cre\u0219te riscul de dependen\u021b\u0103 de munc\u0103. Dependen\u021ba \u00eencep adesea cu pl\u0103cerea ini\u021bial\u0103 derivat\u0103 dintr-o substan\u021b\u0103 sau un anumit comportament. Pl\u0103cerea ini\u021bial\u0103 cre\u0219te probabilitatea de a dezvolta anumite obiceiuri legate de munc\u0103, care ulterior se pot transforma \u00een constr\u00e2ngere interioar\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Absorb\u021bia este o caracteristic\u0103 a <a href=\"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/your-feedback-from-study\/#healthy-work-engagement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">angajarea \u00een munc\u0103<\/a>&nbsp; legate de concentrarea deplin\u0103 \u0219i de absorb\u021bia fericit\u0103 \u00een munc\u0103, prin care timpul trece rapid. Cei care sunt absorbi\u021bi de munc\u0103 se simt bine \u0219i au dificult\u0103\u021bi \u00een a se deta\u0219a de munc\u0103. Le poate cre\u0219te riscul de a folosi munca pentru a-\u0219i regla starea de spirit. \u00censeamn\u0103 c\u0103 pot lucra pentru a reduce anxietatea, \u00eengrijorarea, irita\u021bia, tensiunea \u0219i alte st\u0103ri emo\u021bionale negative sau pentru a fugi de a se g\u00e2ndi la problemele lor personale. Cei care o fac \u00een mod obi\u0219nuit, <span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">pot depinde din ce \u00een ce mai mult de munc\u0103 pentru a-\u0219i regla starea de spirit \u0219i, \u00een consecin\u021b\u0103, devin dependen\u021bi de munc\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>STRES<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Se \u0219tie c\u0103 stresul declan\u0219eaz\u0103, men\u021bine \u0219i provoac\u0103 recidive \u00een toate comportamentele care creeaz\u0103 dependen\u021b\u0103. Dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 este legat\u0103 de&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Malissa-Clark\/publication\/263190310_All_Work_and_No_Play_A_Meta-Analytic_Examination_of_the_Correlates_and_Outcomes_of_Workaholism\/links\/53e6128b0cf2fb7487184fa5\/All-Work-and-No-Play-A-Meta-Analytic-Examination-of-the-Correlates-and-Outcomes-of-Workaholism.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stres ridicat la locul de munc\u0103<\/a>, \u0219i stresul din afara mediului de lucru, inclusiv legat de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Malissa-Clark\/publication\/263190310_All_Work_and_No_Play_A_Meta-Analytic_Examination_of_the_Correlates_and_Outcomes_of_Workaholism\/links\/53e6128b0cf2fb7487184fa5\/All-Work-and-No-Play-A-Meta-Analytic-Examination-of-the-Correlates-and-Outcomes-of-Workaholism.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">probleme de familie<\/a>. Stresul poate precede dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 \u0219i o poate declan\u0219a \u0219i poate&nbsp;<span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;\">de asemenea <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">fi o consecin\u021b\u0103 a dependen\u021bei de munc\u0103, care agraveaz\u0103 \u0219i mai mult problema, o men\u021bine \u0219i contribuie la recidive.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>PERSONALITATE<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Sunt&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Malissa-Clark\/publication\/263190310_All_Work_and_No_Play_A_Meta-Analytic_Examination_of_the_Correlates_and_Outcomes_of_Workaholism\/links\/53e6128b0cf2fb7487184fa5\/All-Work-and-No-Play-A-Meta-Analytic-Examination-of-the-Correlates-and-Outcomes-of-Workaholism.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dou\u0103 tr\u0103s\u0103turi principale de personalitate<\/a> care sunt asociate \u00een mod constant cu dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 \u00een numeroase studii din diferite \u021b\u0103ri:&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/your-feedback-from-study\/#dysfunctional\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">perfec\u0163ionism,<\/a>&nbsp;deosebit de rigid\/disfunc\u021bional\/nevrotic,<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/your-feedback-from-study\/#emotional\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nevroticism sau instabilitate emo\u021bional\u0103<\/a>, tendinta de a experimenta stari emotionale negative.<\/p>\n<p><a style=\"font-size: 1rem;\" href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/9\/4\/article-p945.xml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stima de sine global\u0103 sc\u0103zut\u0103<\/a>&nbsp;s-a constatat, de asemenea, c\u0103 are leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 \u00een mai multe studii. Clic&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/your-feedback-from-study\/#self-esteem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Aici&nbsp;<\/a>pentru mai multe informatii.<\/p>\n<p>De asemenea,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Malissa-Clark\/publication\/263190310_All_Work_and_No_Play_A_Meta-Analytic_Examination_of_the_Correlates_and_Outcomes_of_Workaholism\/links\/53e6128b0cf2fb7487184fa5\/All-Work-and-No-Play-A-Meta-Analytic-Examination-of-the-Correlates-and-Outcomes-of-Workaholism.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Personalitatea de tip A<\/a>&nbsp;(TAP) este \u00een mod constant \u0219i relativ str\u00e2ns legat de dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103. Se caracterizeaz\u0103 prin dou\u0103 componente: competitivitatea \u0219i graba. De fapt, TAP a fost asociat cu dependenta de munc\u0103 \u00een&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jama\/article-abstract\/349598\" target=\"_blank\">literatur\u0103 medical\u0103 de mare profil<\/a>&nbsp;\u00eenc\u0103 din anii 1970 c\u00e2nd a fost investigat ca factor de risc pentru boli cardiovasculare, iar mai t\u00e2rziu c\u00e2nd&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/psycnet.apa.org\/record\/1986-98692-004\" target=\"_blank\">se dezvolta conceptul de burnout<\/a>. De asemenea, unele dintre&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.2466\/pr0.1995.77.2.657\" target=\"_blank\">primele defini\u021bii ale dependen\u021bei de munc\u0103<\/a>&nbsp;se refer\u0103 la caracteristicile TAP. Ast\u0103zi, dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 \u0219i TAP sunt considerate fenomene str\u00e2ns asociate, dar diferite.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Unele studii sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/akjournals.com\/view\/journals\/2006\/9\/4\/article-p945.xml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">narcisism<\/a> are leg\u0103tur\u0103 pozitiv cu dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103. Cu toate acestea, sunt necesare mai multe cercet\u0103ri pe aceast\u0103 problem\u0103. Clic&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/your-feedback-from-study\/#narcissism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Aici<\/a>&nbsp;pentru mai multe informatii.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">FAMILIE<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Copii de&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/1359432X.2013.832208\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">p\u0103rin\u0163ii care sunt dependen\u0163i de munc\u0103<\/a> sau au un angajament ridicat \u00een munc\u0103 prezint\u0103 un risc mai mare de a fi dependent de munc\u0103. Acest lucru se poate \u00eent\u00e2mpla din c\u00e2teva motive:&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00eenv\u0103\u021barea social\u0103: ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 copiii \u00ee\u0219i observ\u0103 p\u0103rin\u021bii care sunt complet concentra\u021bi pe munc\u0103 \u0219i dezvolt\u0103 comportamente similare,<\/li>\n<li>\u00eent\u0103riri: copiii sunt recompensa\u021bi&nbsp;<span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;\">de c\u0103tre p\u0103rin\u021bii lor <\/span>pentru munc\u0103 grea \u0219i pedepsit pentru c\u0103 nu este productiv \u0219i cu rezultate \u00eenalte,&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li>probleme psihologice: studiile arat\u0103 c\u0103 copiii p\u0103rin\u021bilor care sunt dependen\u021bi de munc\u0103 <span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;\">\u00een compara\u021bie cu copiii p\u0103rin\u021bilor care nu sunt dependen\u021bi de munc\u0103<\/span>&nbsp;spectacol&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/17\/17\/6213\/htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mai multe probleme emo\u021bionale \u0219i comportamentale<\/a>, inclusiv tulbur\u0103ri de s\u0103n\u0103tate mintal\u0103;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/1066480700084005\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">unele studii<\/a>&nbsp;chiar arat\u0103 c\u0103 copiii p\u0103rin\u021bilor care sunt dependen\u021bi de munc\u0103 au depresie \u0219i parentalitate mai mare dec\u00e2t copiii p\u0103rin\u021bilor dependen\u021bi de alcool; dependen\u021bele se dezvolt\u0103 adesea ca urmare a eforturilor de a gestiona st\u0103rile emo\u021bionale dificile, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t \u00eent\u00e2mpinarea unor probleme psihologice poate cre\u0219te riscul de a dezvolta dependen\u021b\u0103 de munc\u0103,<\/li>\n<li>factori genetici \u0219i efectele lor poten\u021biale asupra personalit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii mintale: p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prezent nu exist\u0103 studii care s\u0103 investigheze factorii de risc genetici ai dependen\u021bei de munc\u0103, a\u0219a c\u0103 aceasta este doar o ipotez\u0103 teoretic\u0103 fezabil\u0103.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00cen prezent, studiile au stabilit c\u0103 copiii p\u0103rin\u021bilor dependen\u021bi de munc\u0103 sunt mai des dependen\u021bi de munc\u0103 \u0219i c\u0103 \u00eent\u00e2mpin\u0103 mai multe probleme psihologice. Cu toate acestea, modul \u00een care dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 a p\u0103rin\u021bilor cre\u0219te riscul de dependen\u021b\u0103 de munc\u0103 a copiilor necesit\u0103 o cercetare mai sistematic\u0103 de \u00eenalt\u0103 calitate. Aceste studii ar trebui s\u0103 investigheze factori precum valorile familiei, parentificarea, nevoile psihologice de baz\u0103 nesatisf\u0103cute ale copiilor sau formarea unor convingeri personale particulare despre ei \u00een\u0219i\u0219i \u0219i despre lume, care pot juca un rol semnificativ \u00een cre\u0219terea riscului de dependen\u021b\u0103 de munc\u0103.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Factori de risc Exist\u0103 c\u00e2\u021biva factori care sunt bine cerceta\u021bi \u0219i arat\u0103 asocieri consistente cu dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103. Acestea includ: posturi manageriale, preten\u021bii ridicate la locul de munc\u0103, stres ridicat la locul de munc\u0103 \u0219i stres general, tr\u0103s\u0103turi de personalitate precum perfec\u021bionismul, nevroticismul, stima de sine global\u0103 sc\u0103zut\u0103 \u0219i modelul de personalitate de tip A asociat cu competitivitatea \u0219i graba, p\u0103rin\u021bii care erau dependen\u021bi de munc\u0103. \u2026<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/risk-factors\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Factori de risc<\/span> Cite\u015fte mai mult &quot;<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1108"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1108"}],"version-history":[{"count":272,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1108\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4856,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1108\/revisions\/4856"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1108"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}