{"id":1113,"date":"2022-04-03T14:00:57","date_gmt":"2022-04-03T14:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/workaddiction.org\/?page_id=1113"},"modified":"2023-01-05T06:49:46","modified_gmt":"2023-01-05T06:49:46","slug":"consequences","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/consequences\/","title":{"rendered":"Consecin\u021be"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1113\" class=\"elementor elementor-1113\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-38a8037 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"38a8037\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f288d08\" data-id=\"f288d08\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd80a86 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fd80a86\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.2 - 04-04-2022 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Consecin\u021bele dependen\u021bei de munc\u0103<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d1f84f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d1f84f5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5078e3c\" data-id=\"5078e3c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37842b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"37842b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.2 - 04-04-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#818a91;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#818a91;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Exist\u0103 patru aspecte principale ale consecin\u021belor poten\u021biale ale dependen\u021bei de munc\u0103:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>individ (de exemplu, moarte, inclusiv sinucidere, probleme de s\u0103n\u0103tate mintal\u0103 \u0219i fizic\u0103, inclusiv epuizare, calitate sc\u0103zut\u0103 a vie\u021bii, fericire mai sc\u0103zut\u0103)<\/li>\n<li>sociale (de exemplu, probleme familiale, probleme comportamentale \u0219i emo\u021bionale ale copiilor p\u0103rin\u021bilor dependen\u021bi de munc\u0103, conflicte cu colegii de munc\u0103, management ineficient la locul de munc\u0103 de c\u0103tre managerii dependen\u021bi de munc\u0103, consecin\u021bele decesului unei persoane dependente de munc\u0103)<\/li>\n<li>beneficiarii muncii (de exemplu, calitatea slab\u0103 a muncii, gre\u0219eli la locul de munc\u0103, cum ar fi erori medicale ale medicilor care sunt dependen\u021bi de munc\u0103 \u0219i burnout)<\/li>\n<li>economice (de exemplu, costuri de \u00eengrijire a s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii, sc\u0103derea productivit\u0103\u021bii)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Majoritatea datelor disponibile sunt de natur\u0103 corela\u021bional\u0103 \u0219i arat\u0103 asocieri \u00eentre dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 \u0219i poten\u021bialele consecin\u021be negative. Cu toate acestea, pu\u021bine studii prospective sau longitudinale sugereaz\u0103 un rol ocazional al dependen\u021bei de munc\u0103 \u00een deficien\u021be func\u021bionale. Acestea sunt sus\u021binute de studii de caz \u0219i literatura clinic\u0103 despre&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.18574\/nyu\/9780814770696.001.0001\/html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">interventii terapeutice<\/a>&nbsp;printre persoanele dependente de munc\u0103, inclusiv rapoartele de la&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/indhealth\/advpub\/0\/advpub_2018-0021\/_article\/-char\/ja\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">medii clinice de medicina muncii<\/a>. Cu toate acestea, sunt necesare studii epidemiologice prospective la scar\u0103 mai mare pentru a stabili m\u0103sura \u00een care dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 contribuie la consecin\u021be negative. De asemenea, lipsesc studiile sistematice privind costurile economice ale dependen\u021bei de munc\u0103. Majoritatea datelor sunt indirecte \u0219i provin din estim\u0103rile&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0160412021002208\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">costurile unui volum mare de munc\u0103<\/a>, precum \u0219i&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/health.ec.europa.eu\/system\/files\/2017-07\/compass_2017workplace_en_0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stres legat de munc\u0103, depresie sau epuizare<\/a>&nbsp;sau estim\u0103ri ale costurilor de \u00eengrijire a s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii ale tulbur\u0103rii de personalitate obsesiv-compulsiv\u0103.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>CONSECINTE INDIVIDUALE<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>CONSECIN\u021aE SOCIALE<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>DESTIN\u0102RII LUCR\u0102RII<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>CONSECIN\u021aE ECONOMICE<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Majoritatea datelor cu privire la costurile economice poten\u021biale ale dependen\u021bei de munc\u0103 sunt indirecte \u0219i provin din estim\u0103rile&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0160412021002208\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">costurile unui volum mare de munc\u0103<\/a>, precum \u0219i&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/health.ec.europa.eu\/system\/files\/2017-07\/compass_2017workplace_en_0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stres legat de munc\u0103, depresie sau epuizare<\/a>&nbsp;sau estim\u0103ri ale costurilor de \u00eengrijire a s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii ale tulbur\u0103rii obsesiv-compulsive de personalitate (OCPD). Estim\u0103rile brute rezonabile pot fi f\u0103cute pe baza faptelor stabilite:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>volumul mare de munc\u0103 \u0219i stresul profesional sunt factori de risc pentru problemele de s\u0103n\u0103tate fizic\u0103 \u0219i psihic\u0103<\/li>\n<li>burnout-ul este asociat cu o s\u0103n\u0103tate mai proast\u0103<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 16px;\">dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 este strict legat\u0103 de volumul mare de munc\u0103, stresul profesional \u0219i burnout<\/li>\n<li>OCPD este asociat cu stresul profesional, burnout-ul \u0219i depresia<\/li>\n<li>OCPD este str\u00e2ns asociat\u0103 cu dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Prin urmare, un general urm\u0103tor&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/17\/2\/660#B15-ijerph-17-00660\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">asocierea dintre dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 \u0219i povara global\u0103 a bolii<\/a>&nbsp;\u00eempreun\u0103 cu costurile sale socio-economice pot fi de a\u0219teptat:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>dependenta de munca =&gt; volum mare de munca si stres ocupational =&gt; consecinte asupra sanatatii\/costuri socio-economice<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2nd sunt incluse rolul OCDP ca factor de risc pentru dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 \u0219i rolul burnout-ului ca o consecin\u021b\u0103 a stresului prost gestionat la locul de munc\u0103, lan\u021bul cauzal poate fi:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>OCPD =&gt; dependenta de munca =&gt; volum mare de munca si stres ocupational =&gt; burnout =&gt; consecinte asupra sanatatii\/costuri socio-economice<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00cen prezent, rela\u021bia dintre OCPD \u0219i dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 \u0219i contribu\u021biile acestora la consecin\u021bele negative necesit\u0103 mai multe studii.&nbsp;<span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; background-color: var(--ast-global-color-5); color: var(--ast-global-color-3);\">De asemenea, leg\u0103tura dintre burnout \u0219i starea de r\u0103u are nevoie de mai multe clarific\u0103ri.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; background-color: var(--ast-global-color-5); color: var(--ast-global-color-3);\">Cu toate acestea, pe baza acestor ipoteze \u0219i a datelor disponibile, se poate a\u0219tepta ca dependen\u021ba de munc\u0103 s\u0103 fie o surs\u0103 major\u0103 de costuri socioeconomice \u00een \u021b\u0103rile industrializate din cauza:&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; background-color: var(--ast-global-color-5); color: var(--ast-global-color-3);\">absen\u021ba la locul de munc\u0103 legat\u0103 de s\u0103n\u0103tate,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; background-color: var(--ast-global-color-5); color: var(--ast-global-color-3);\">costurile de \u00eengrijire a s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; background-color: var(--ast-global-color-5); color: var(--ast-global-color-3);\"> productivitate sc\u0103zut\u0103.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><b>Depresia atribuit\u0103 stresului profesional<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Depresia este printre cele mai frecvente cauze ale dizabilit\u0103\u021bii de munc\u0103 \u00een \u021b\u0103rile industrializate.<\/p>\n<p>Costul estimat actual al depresiei legat de stresul la locul de munc\u0103 \u00een Uniunea European\u0103 este&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/osha.europa.eu\/pl\/publications\/calculating-cost-work-related-stress-and-psychosocial-risks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">617 miliarde de euro anual<\/a>, care este mai mult dec\u00e2t produsul intern brut (PIB) al majorit\u0103\u021bii \u021b\u0103rilor europene.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Tulburare de personalitate obsesiv-compulsiv\u0103<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tulburarea de personalitate obsesiv-compulsiv\u0103 (OCPD; clasificarea DSM) sau tulburarea de personalitate anankastic\u0103 (APD; clasificarea ICD) este cea mai r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 tulburare de personalitate \u00een r\u00e2ndul popula\u021biei generale (3%-8%) \u0219i a grupurilor de pacien\u021bi ambulatori. OCPD\/APD a fost identificat ca fiind produc\u0103toare de&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Djora-Soeteman\/publication\/5489849_The_Economic_Burden_of_Personality_Disorders_in_Mental_Health_Care\/links\/5d965213299bf1c363f587ce\/The-Economic-Burden-of-Personality-Disorders-in-Mental-Health-Care.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cea mai mare povar\u0103 economic\u0103 dintre tulbur\u0103rile de personalitate \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te costurile medicale directe \u0219i pierderile de productivitate<\/a>, chiar dep\u0103\u0219ind costurile tulbur\u0103rii de personalitate borderline (BPD). \u00cen plus, pacien\u021bii cu&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/ajp.psychiatryonline.org\/doi\/full\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.2.295\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tulbur\u0103rile de personalitate au istorii mai extinse<\/a>&nbsp;de tratament psihiatric ambulatoriu, internat \u0219i psihofarmacologic dec\u00e2t pacien\u021bii de compara\u021bie cu o tulburare depresiv\u0103 major\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net\/87818608\/jom.0b013e3182717e6d20220621-1-1jxllb3-libre.pdf?1655794969=&amp;response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DObsessive_Compulsive_Personality_Disorde.pdf&amp;Expires=1671533856&amp;Signature=T4H4lAUTOkNHRg3nBzeyq3LSYTSYk4kp0xxEm7nDfnV4mNgdd54kz5rSMl2xl7QhCLCFNwGqUHKYxEzd5PrSXlSVA-zzt2xI4E3krJpCcNjgAKR70Vk9mIR-2JPknHX54ZeQCEr47aXdBgGIix2t5DEtcxZYUsSamZXWlXsG9ir64QSpVImdqH6BW9HuNjtkd8aYrY7Yd60k-HSZYUzTkW8frGPeLidaHer4iJpHdIlEgfXs4aC5ZdhEdZX2RLIWd9EOQhq~fqKR~HTXugrvr3AVzoIp2NfVmoA8m6xoRD3ahEFw0wnyhTwn0xvp-No2ybvghrIA~AfyLDQMZH80dA__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Un studiu finlandez<\/a>&nbsp;a ar\u0103tat c\u0103 50% de b\u0103rba\u021bi \u0219i 28% de femei cu primul episod de depresie \u00een r\u00e2ndul persoanelor angajate recrutate din unit\u0103\u021bile de \u00eengrijire a s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii ocupa\u021bionale au fost diagnosticate cu OCPD\/APD. Acest lucru este \u00een concordan\u021b\u0103 cu m\u0103rimile efectului raportate pentru rela\u021bia dintre&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/doc.rero.ch\/record\/332056\/files\/406_2014_Article_512.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OCPD\/APD \u0219i burn-out<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Boli cardiovasculare \u0219i alte probleme de s\u0103n\u0103tate<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tulbur\u0103rile neuropsihiatrice \u0219i bolile netransmisibile, cum ar fi bolile cardiovasculare (BCV) \u0219i diabetul sunt printre&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0140673616316786\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">principalele cauze ale poverii globale a bolii<\/a>. Costurile lor totale legate de stresul la locul de munc\u0103 sunt mai mult dec\u00e2t alarmante, a doua categorie cea mai costisitoare fiind CVD.<\/p>\n<div id=\"as020\">\n<p id=\"sp0020\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;\">Organiza\u021bia Mondial\u0103 a S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii (OMS) \u0219i Organiza\u021bia Interna\u021bional\u0103 a Muncii (ILO) estimeaz\u0103 c\u0103 expunerea la ore lungi de lucru (\u226555 ore\/s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103) este obi\u0219nuit\u0103 \u0219i provoac\u0103 sarcini mari atribuibile bolii cardiace ischemice \u0219i accident vascular cerebral. <\/span>\u00cen 2016, 488 de milioane de oameni, sau 8,91 TP6T din popula\u021bia global\u0103, au fost expu\u0219i la ore lungi de munc\u0103 (\u226555 ore\/s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103). Se estimeaz\u0103 c\u0103 745.194 de decese \u0219i 23,3 milioane de ani de via\u021b\u0103 ajusta\u021bi pentru dizabilit\u0103\u021bi din cauza bolii cardiace ischemice \u0219i a accidentului vascular cerebral combinate au fost atribuite acestei expuneri.<\/p>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Consecin\u021bele dependen\u021bei de munc\u0103 Exist\u0103 patru aspecte principale ale consecin\u021belor poten\u021biale ale dependen\u021bei de munc\u0103: individual (de exemplu, deces, inclusiv sinucidere, probleme de s\u0103n\u0103tate mintal\u0103 \u0219i fizic\u0103, inclusiv epuizare, calitate sc\u0103zut\u0103 a vie\u021bii, fericire mai sc\u0103zut\u0103) social (de exemplu, probleme familiale, comportament \u0219i probleme emo\u021bionale ale copiilor p\u0103rin\u021bilor dependen\u021bi de munc\u0103, conflicte cu colegii de munc\u0103, management ineficient la locul de munc\u0103...<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/consequences\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Consecin\u021be<\/span> Cite\u015fte mai mult &quot;<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1113"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1113"}],"version-history":[{"count":131,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1113\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4875,"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1113\/revisions\/4875"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/workaddiction.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1113"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}